Sunday, November 11, 2012

The Mind and the Market: Jerry Muller

http://www.amazon.com/The-Mind-Market-Capitalism-Western/dp/0385721668/ref=cm_cr_pr_product_top


"What he opposed was government measures taht distorted the information system of the market by actually setting wages, rents, or the price of commodities to conform to sme social ideal or political expedient" 370-371

He [Hayek] approved of some of the goals of the welfare state, and regarded some of them as practicable. He acknowledged that "there are common needs that can be satisfied only by collective action," and asserted that as society grows richer, "that minimum of sustenance which the community has always provided for those not able to look after themselves, and which can be provided outside the market, will gradually rise, and that government may, usefully and without doing any harm, assist or enve lead in such endeavors.  There is little reason why the government should not always play some role, or even take the initiative, in such areas as social insurance and education," (The Constitution of Liberty, Chicago, 1960) p.257-258, Road...p. 120-1, Law, Legislation, and Liberty, vol 3, The Political Order of a Free People, Chicago 1979] p.370 The Mind and the Market."






Hegel was of the same generation as the founders of German Romanticism. The shared lament of German Romantic poetry, polemic, theology, and politics was that the modern secular world left the individual alienated...On the one hand, they stressed the creative power and particularity of the individual, on the other, the need for the individual to connect with some higher force through intuition or a leap of the imagination.  That higher force could be nature, the nation, the Volk, the Catholic Church, or God. But the link between the individual and the larger "whole" was, for the Romantics, ans essentially nonrational one, a surrender of the rational self to a higher force, which endowed life with meaning. p. 151.

..For Hegel, that whole (or "totality') included the relationship of the individual to God and to history. 151 [Burke believe this force lie under "the veil" of tradition and could not be grasped by reason or philosophy--the "the Fairy Land of Philosophy" p.114

"..unlike the Romantics, Hegel claimed that the relationship to the individual to the larger institutions of which he was a part could be grasped by reason and must be objectively communicable." 151

"...He insisted that the individual got a sense of himself as part of something larger not through an irrational surrender to some other worldly source, but through a series of institutional links--what Hegel called "mediations"--between the individual and the wider world.  His task as a philosopher was to explain those links; how they had come about, and how they functioned to give the individual a sense o himself both as an autonomous subject and as a part of a larger project that he could rationally affirm." 151

Hegel's philosophical project is to reconcile men to the world, a world in which modern men pride themselves on their individual subjectivity and particularity.  Hegel knew that to most people "freedom" meant the possibility of doing what one liked, without institutional restrictions.  Limitations on our activity, in this conception, are barriers to freedom.  Freedom is understood as negative freedom. Taken seriously, Hegel says, it becomes destructive of every institutional order, since it views every institution as an intolerable limitation." 152

"Hegel mentions the disinclination of individuals to pay taxes to the state as evidence of this lack of recognition of the realities that make civil society possible." 155

"There is an elective affinity...between fundamentalism in religion and in economics.  [neo-classical, free market] Liberals took their economic dogmas and applied them mechanically.  They worshipped free trade as a fetish, as an end in itself, rather than asking how it was linked to personal happiness and national welfare..Their belief in the beneficent effects of free trade and the growth of business made any form of government planing and intervention seem heretical." on Matthew Arnold
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